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12(3): Medicinal and poisonous plants 3

Macaranga tanarius (L.) Müll. Arg.

This article should be read together with the article on the genus: Macaranga in the Handbook volume indicated above in this database.

DC., Prodr. 15(2): 997 (1866).

Brunei: sedaman buta buta. Indonesia: tutup ancur (Javanese), mara (Sundanese), mapu (Batak). Malaysia: kundoh, mahang puteh, tampu (Peninsular). Papua New Guinea: tabi, tabu (New Britain). Philippines: binunga (Filipino), himindang (Bikol), biluan (Tagalog). Thailand: hu chang lek (south-eastern), lo khao, mek (peninsular). Vietnam: m[ax] r[aj]ng.

From the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Indo-China, southern China, Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands, through Thailand and the whole of the Malesian region, to northern Australia and Melanesia.

In the Philippines, the powdered root is used as an emetic to treat fever, and a decoction of the root against haemoptysis. In the Moluccas (Indonesia) and New Britain (Papua New Guinea), the leaves have been used internally to treat dysentery and as an abortifacient. In Peninsular Malaysia, pounded leaves are applied to wounds, and an infusion of the root internally to treat fever. In Brunei smoke from burning leaves is considered a general ailment of the body. The bark is used for toughening fishing nets. In Indonesia, the leaves dye matting black. Bark and leaves are widely utilized in the Philippines in the preparation of a fermented drink called 'basi' made from sugar cane. In Sumatra, fruits are added to palm juice as it is boiled down, to improve the quality of the sugar produced. In Indonesia and the Philippines, the bark exudate is used as a glue. The wood is applied in house building and for implements.

A small to medium-sized tree up to 20(—27) m tall; leaves orbicular-ovate, 8—32 cm x 5—28 cm, usually not lobed, hairy when young, deeply peltate, stipules large, caducous; male flowers in branched panicles up to 34 cm long, with (3—)5—6(—10) stamens, female flowers with 2-celled ovary and 2 large styles; fruit about 1 cm in diameter, with long, soft prickles on apex, yellowish-glandular outside. Macaranga tanarius is often very common in secondary forest, especially in logged areas, but occurs also in thickets, brushwood, village groves and beach vegetation, up to 2100 m altitude.

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S. Aggarwal

Aggarwal, S., 2003. Macaranga tanarius (L.) Müll. Arg.. In: Lemmens, R.H.M.J. and Bunyapraphatsara, N. (Editors): Plant Resources of South-East Asia No 12(3): Medicinal and poisonous plants 3. PROSEA Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia. Database record: prota4u.org/prosea